I don't remember seeing this photoset at all (nsfw):
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GVo_DQPWgAAraMp?format=jpg&name=origUnrelated but I did find a post on stack overflow that describes how Twitter names its files. Assuming you know at what time someone made a post and roughly what data center they were using it should be possible to brute force any deleted posts or images. I'll try and work on this over the weekend time permitting.