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(Cool thing about that though, NPCs actually pick different weapons depending on the situation you put them in, but I think it's practically limited to special ones like Paul. He for example uses a plasma rifle if you're close to him, but an assault rifle instead if you're at mid-range. He also has a sword in his inventory, but I don't know the required conditions for him to use it. Probably can't, lol. A couple enemies also use the LAW for when they're out of ammo, but they don't have an animation for it, so they just slide around.)
Anyhow, basically, if you're constantly moving around them, then they can't face you, and so you can make them try to target you pretty much forever. Many MiBs were knocked out this way. (Those guys actually have largest health pool among any of the common humanoid enemies in the game. Even MJ12 Commandos. Weird, huh? I'll talk more about them later.)
Stack all that up with Combat Strength and master melee training, and you might as well be using a Dragon's Tooth when holding a crowbar. Almost. (Not that you'll be doing that by the time the option turns available, but you know, it's there.)
Point is, I was wrong. You obviously do more damage with swings to the head. What the fuck was I thinking?
It's a one-shot pretty much no matter what if you're in stealth, and it just wouldn't really be fair for you to run around one-shotting everybody outside of stealth. It definitely is fun to, sure, but you've the Dragon's Tooth for that.
They've implemented it pretty well overall, aside from being able to circle around enemies forever and hitboxes messing up. (Still, the circling thing is really fun to do, I'm glad it's there. Funny, the same behaviour can actually be seen in some other games, TF2 for example. Sentries can be dealt with similarly, because they first have to look straight at you before shooting, so, if you jump around it fast enough or stand on top of the sentry and walk in circles, it can't shoot you. Back to Deus Ex.)