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Chakras can be described as Pathways for an electric current (Kundalini) that rises up the spine that can be attributed in the physical sense to clusters of nerves of the various plexuses in the body. The "growth" upwards is that of basic survival needs to emotions to higher intelligence to connection with a higher dimension that created this whole life to begin with.
As for them being lotuses, that's more of an expression though in the astral realm I have no idea yet what these pathways would look like. Just think of them as being areas with lots of nerve endings.
People of renown through the ages whether we mean great psychics, prophets, inventors, and even folks like Trump who may or may not realize it, are operating like flowers that absorb energy from these "roots" that go up to the brain which then blooms like a flower upon reaching enlightenment. For that alone, the lotus analogy is pretty appropriate.
And Trump having this intuition to make it as far as he did leaves me little doubt that this process is going on with him. The guy doesn't even drink coffee so whatever process is going on related to intuition seems to also keep him from fucking it up.
The reason for the colors has to do with the spectrum going all the way from the big bang to the lowest frequency and is a good indicator of the evolution, or devolution rather of light into a slower frequency of matter. The more you start to awaken this with meditation and pranayama breathing, you'll start to notice subtle things like everything being way more colorful and vibrating.
Stuff like the Kabbalah show the same blueprint of intelligence growth, starting from basic matter and increasing in "intelligence" from that point.. going to plants, then animals, etc.
Read Gopi Krishna's "secrets of yoga" and it will give you a better grasp not in a "woo" sense but in a more practical way of discussing the phenomena of Kundalini that's been ignored by mainstream science to the detriment of our evolution.