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The cause of baldness is dihydrotestosterone, the preventative measure is garlic.
In our evolutionary history we were eating cruciferous and allium vegetables all the time, our hormone system thus adapted to the constant presence of sulfur compounds in our bloodstream. If you are balding in your 20s, it is because nothing is modulating the production of DHT which causes some hair follicles to grow like chest hair and facial hair while others to atrophy. Because we never adapted to this level of DHT it basically causes the chemistry of these follicle cells to go haywire and the cells to slowly decline.
Another cause is poor blood flow, as the cells decline, so do the supplying blood vessels causing a negative feedback loop. The meme that massaging the scalp helps is basically true. It "exercises" the blood vessels and other tissues of the scalp improving blood flow. However it ought to be gentle not an overexerted desperate attempt to reverse balding.
It is partly reversible, but if you are at the stage the hair is gone rather than thinning, you may have to resort to the troon hormones.