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The Nordic people created new technologies that advanced navigation and shipbuilding technologies past all others in Europe, and were some of the most culturally advanced civilizations on Earth. In Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico, he mentions how the Northern Celts (who were genetically related to Germans) made better ships than could be found anywhere in Rome. They were incredible at fighting, were the first to sail to the New World and were feared as far south as Africa. The Dutch trading ports rivaled even Venice and other monoliths which had much easier access to goods. The Nordic peoples lived in an incredibly harsh environment and adapted to this, creating powerful empires that dominated the North.
And lets not forget how for hundreds of years the Varangians were the most respected warriors in all of Europe, and were the most valuable soldiers/bodyguards available.