>>3337231 Jewish leaders of the Russian Revolution were: Grigory Zinoviev, Moisei Uritsky, Lev Kamenev, Yakov Sverdlov, and Grigory Sokolnikov. However, ethnic Jews never exceeded more than 6% of Party membership during the height of their participation in the 1920s, and during Stalin's Great Purge of 1936-1940 Jews were especially targetted to be removed from all leadership positions within the Soviet Communist Party.
Internationally, there have been prominent Jews who embraced Communism: Rosa Luxemburg in Germany and Emma Goldman in the United States.
However, the whole Jewish Bolshevism connection is considered an anti-Semitic conspiracy theory - helped along by the Nazi Party's hatred of both Communists and Jews (spin them both together and you get two-for-one: Eliminating political opponents and an excuse to confiscate wealth!) Of course, this is based on the traditional anti-Semitism in Russia as well - as Czarist Russia gave the world Pogroms as a way to attack Jews from a government standpoint.
Researchers in the topic, such as Polish philosopher Stanisław Krajewski " or André Gerrits, denounce the concept of "Jewish Bolshevism" as a prejudice. Law professor Ilya Somin agrees, and compares Jewish involvement in other communist countries. "Overrepresentation of a group in a political movement does not prove either that the movement was “dominated” by that group or that it primarily serves that group’s interests. The idea that communist oppression was somehow Jewish in nature is belied by the record of communist regimes in countries like China, North Korea, and Cambodia, where the Jewish presence was and is minuscule."
