>>4718060I don't know about other Latin American cases and even take mine with a grain of salt.
The liberal consensus in a nutshell consists that the fault can be attributed to different degrees of populism in any government since the1930, which was followed by de facto military juntas that committed to the same sins of disastrous fiscal spending and debt-taking. Those eventually developed a thought of "us vs them" against the rest of the world in the population. And can be seen in protectionist policies that further soaked economic growth.
Even for today most people would reply to this question that it is the US fault and of the Oligarchs. While these Greedy rich men are guilty of a lot they are definitely not the root of all problems.
As for now the problems of corrupted unions, endless (and pretty expensive) government bureaucracy, a twisted welfare system that costs more than it helps people and debt still continue and the outlooks are mediocre at best.