>>1509152the bolts i circled are what secure the stem
the top bolt is just for adjusting pre-load on a threadless headset, which you don't have. So that bolt does nothing. Once those circled bolts are done up, with a threadless headset, the preload bolt is also doing nothing.
so what you're worried about, is not an issue.
however i still don't think it's really compatible, because the stem you bought is odd, it basically has spacers built in, and so the mating surface is considerably longer than on your quill adapter. like yeah it probably would work, but it's a horrendously inelegant solution and marginally sketchy.
good on you for wanting to work on your bike too, but this is really superficial crap. I bet your old stem worked fine. Try overhauling the wheel hubs, replacing the chain, getting new brake pads, recabling, you know -real shit-. And fuck adjustable stems. It's just another thing to potentially fail and creak.