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Large-scale public bike parking like what they have outside of train stations in Europe? Not really, in some parts of Manhattan you'll find a few clusters of ф-shaped bicycle racks on the sidewalk, and outside of some businesses there are bike racks that can accomodate about a dozen or so bikes (like pic related), otherwise most people just chain their bikes to signposts if they need to.
My new job has a bike rack in the indoor parking garage though, it's really nice, I like biking to work.