>>161758519 to 23 mm is ouch - velodrome and cycle path only unless you have a noodle flex frame
25 to 28 mm is dank, not comfie but good enough - slightly bumpy chip seal road
>tfw 32 mm tire falls into storm drain40 mm is a bit rigid and does not provide much grip, but is common in city and hybrid bikes .eg 38 mm
47 mm does not fall into anything, plenty of grip, does not like one inch stones or wet weather
any bigger and too much on road ability is lost to the weight and sponge
heavy bike or rough road you go for wider tire, simple as