>>1662397Isopropyl alcohol+sandpaper (preferably the performax or diablo stuff)+butane torch. (alcohol is flammable so don't torch them when they're coated in alcohol)
But if there's a lot of oil you'll have to replace at least the pads, maybe rotors too
>>1662698No, don't do that. If you have trouble getting the tire onto the rim, use a Kool Stop Bead Jack.
For inflating it, there are plenty of portable pumps that work. If you want something small and light, get something from Lezyne, I believe they go above 100psi. If you want somtehing a bit bigger but also more efficient that can very easily get you to adequate pressure, get a Topeak Road Morph or Topeak Turbo Morph (the former is aimed at narrow high pressure tires, the latter at medium and wide mid to low pressure tires, but either should work for pretty much any tire in an emergency)
>>1662690Just go by feel. Big front ring and small rear rings give you a higher gear ratio, what you would want going downhill. Small front ring and big rear rings for a low ratio for going uphill.
Shift into a low ratio as you're approaching an uphill, because it's harder to shift when you're already on the uphill (if you do shift on a hill that's fine, just going to not be as easy/smooth).
You're not going to break your chain just because you crosschain briefly a few times (assuming your chain is the proper length), but crosschaining does cause your chain to wear out faster, so avoid it as much as you can. Crosschaining is if you're in the big (outer) front ring and one of the biggest (innermost) rear cogs, or vise versa.
Chains will stretch out over time, if you stop by a bike shop they'll measure it for stretch and they won't charge you to do this. Replace a chain when it reaches 0.75% stretch. A new chain should last at least 1,000-2,000 kilometers.