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>Sleeping bag
Again, weight and volume aren't as important as while backpacking. Just shop within your budget for something climate-appropriate. I use a 35-year-old hand-me-down down bag.
>Racks
Just make sure they can hold the weight you need them to, bring spare screws, and check to see if any are wiggling free. I had an important screw get vibrated out of my rear rack once, and would have been thoroughly boned if the father of the woman working at the general store I was near hadn't been a motorcycle mechanic with a bin full of a few hundred screws, two of which fit my needs.
>Clothing
Largely personal preference, but make sure you have a chamois. I find the comfort of tight-fitting cycling clothes makes up for the embarrassment, but I know plenty of people who just wear tee-shirts and shorts with padded underwear. Cycling gloves have also made a large, positive impact on my experience. I also like to wear a bandanna to keep my helmet from leaving deep creases in my head and to keep bugs out of my hair. Sunglasses are also pretty important. (pic related)
>Maps/gps
Getting lost while cycling is possible, but on pavement it tends to be much harder than while hiking/biking on trails or in wilderness. I bring maps of the areas I'll be in, but as long as the major roads you'll be using are included, the details aren't terribly important, as most areas which get complicated occur near where people are, who you can ask for directions. Having water sources on the maps can help too.
>Water treatment
I use a Katadyn hiker and carry tablets too. Having a way to treat water gives you a lot of flexibility in terms of where you stop.
