>>1193657Look into cup-based hydroponics setups, you can easily grow most herbs you'd use as well as things like lettuce, see pic of my setup. If you have the room for trays, you can microgreen as well, things like mustard, radish, corn, chia, lettuce, or other microgreens are great supplements to salads, sandwiches, finished dishes, etc.
You can see the cup lettuce on the middle shelf, it's about 3 months old and still producing well. You can see where we've been eating off of it, just harvest the outer, larger leaves in moderation from all the plants. Have a backup set of lettuce started while you're eating a set, or get them going succession-style so you don't run out.
As
>>1193663 said, look into LED growlights or put together a shelf & ballast system with larger lights, if you have the room. I've had more success with T5 lights than LED in my indoor growing.