>>2234915When I first got into gardening there were 3 main traits I was looking for in plants to consider growing them: high yields, long storage times, and general hardiness (e.g. drought-tolerant, few pests/diseases, low soil nutrient requirements, etc)
These 3 more or less still stand today and it guides how I use most of my space.
For homesteading, I think those 3 things, and perhaps growing a staple crop, are the characteristics u should be looking at. Though add a few herbs and spices too (I've personally developed an interest recently in medicinal herbs and spices that suppress appetite)