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You really need to do your research for the area and use (learn) good judgement, but odds are in your favor that the water is fine. I hiked 3 months in NY Catskills and the water there was yum yummy almost all the time. Only times I was filtering was cuz I forgot to grab water at a spring and only had some dirty trickle, or cuz I was getting water downstream of some ducks and didn't want poo poo. But in the mountains that shit was fresh as fuck.
Random thing I like to do is on the way out of a hike fill my bladder full of spring water If there is one, then sometimes bring it home and refrigerate. I'm not some loony who won't drink tap water but that spring water really hits different. Plus it's like a souvenir you can drink.