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Even editing this as a jpeg, in 8bit; its fairly trivial to get comparable results.
Essentially you are using a program that applies a shitload of adjustment before you even realise it has... vs darktable that doesnt. Or you let it treat the image like film, which it tends to do by default iirc. i have no idea what adjustments you made, but it looks a lot like you were just trying to make the darktable one look bad, and whatever you used for the "good" one pretty much just bumps saturation to 120% on top of its ludicrously large hump in the base tone curve. Probably you have no idea what you are doing with either application and you like the one that does it all for you.
I pretty much just added a canon tone curve and 120% saturation to this.