>>3796688>Or I guess I'm asking limited how?Limited in how much visual information you can squeeze out of the image. One common case are shadows, when they're almost black you can hardly lighten them up without it looking terrible, but if you have the same image as a RAW, you can usually lighten them up by quite a bit with good quality.
And then there's the fact that cameras sometimes do some heavy-handed processing that you might not like, such as strong sharpening or denoising that loses detail.