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Let's check the facts we have at hand first, not that the Pokedex is a reliable source.
>Terapagos protects itself using its power to transform energy into hard crystals. This Pokémon is the source of the Terastal phenomenon.
Check, it is through the conversion of energy into crystals that the Terastal phenomenon occurs, our own Tera Orb needed to be recharged every time you used it, it can also be depleted by Tera raid bosses and absorbed by Terapagos as energy. So we know here how one of his powers works. It is crystalized energy. The professor's book doesn't go into detail how he does it but they theorized it had to do with his shell, the one with the reflection of all typings, there might be more to it in the game about how they came up with the Tera Orbs since they do the same as this particular power.
The Tera Shards are poison, we know that from Glimmora's description, and they affect which Tera your pokemon ends up as. So we can assume Terapagos shell chemistry to make crystals is one of energy, and to imbue it is one of poison.
We also have another instance of poison giving benefits in the story with Dokutaro's toxic chains giving the traits of the loyal 3 so there is a precedent.