>>56398745I will now be going over my own personal thought process on how training pokemon works unprompted.
Every living thing is connected to the elements of the world around them. Pokemon even more so. These are called Elemental Connections
Take Biff here, he has a Primary connection to Fighting, thus the Fighting type.
That doesn't mean Biff can only utilize that Fighting connection. he also naturally resonates with Dark, Normal, Dragon, and Rock as moves from those types show up naturally on his move list. These moves could be vestiges of Biff's ancestors, or hints into what future Machamp might be like as biological evolution marches onward.
Move tutoring is, in my view, teaching pokemon moves that their ancestors once knew or had access to (I have no basis for this or really anything here, I just think it makes sense).
TMs are vague in-game and I never really know what to do with them, but essentially I think they are largely trainer made moves where trainer and pokemon work together to explore other latent connections they may or may not have (which at this point would have been recorded by professors for a while).
With PTU this can taken a bit further with features like Move Sync that let you change a Move's typing. Trainers can teach a pokemon to a move like Ice Punch and then teach that same pokemon to use Ice Punch through their primary Fighting type Elemental Connection resulting in a Rock Punch.