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Ivs modify stats.
Many things go into the stats of a Pokemon.
Each type of Pokemon has stats unique to its species. Usually called bases stats.
Each Pokemon is born (or caught) with its genetic stats that are unique to just that one Pokemon (in theory) these are ivs. They can be any number between 0 and 31.
As each Pokemon battles they gain experience both as levels and as experience values that modify it's stats. These are evs. They can go up to 252(now) in each stay with a limit of 508.
Another factor is nature. It changes the growth of stats as the Pokemon levels up, in 2 stats, one positive and one negative (or neutral natures, which are shit)
Then the power of a move is factored into the attack
Abilities can modify stats
And stay modifying moves like sword dance effect the stats
And lastly items like choice sash can modify stats.
