>>23264009they are an external hardware that reads and edits the game cartridge directly, without using the 3ds
the game cartridge data is unalterable (exept for the save slots that can be written/rewritten) so even when nintendo releases an official patch to block hackers, it's installed on the 3ds and not on the cart, and the cart will be forever the same.
Injection and other methodos use the 3ds, so they can be blocked.
the gateway found it's way to read and edit the savefiles in the 3ds
the better nintendo can do now is to develop a new cartridge that doesn't work with powersaves for future games
but then hackers will just develop new powersavers