Sun: Fire/Psychic, ability makes all grass moves have STAB.
Moon: Fairy/Psychic, ability makes all water moves have STAB.
They're both serpents based on ancient American deities, Sun is feathered with a crest around its neck of orange and red. Moon isn't feathered but has moon on its head that cycles through based on the time of the month, when it's a full moon its eyes glow and it gains power lore wise, this doesn't effect the actual gameplay in anyway.
The world of Sun/Moon take place in two continents, one of which is Southern Kalos which represents Spain and the other is in the "Americas" hence the ancient American dieties. Sigilyph, Natu, Xatu, Lunatone, Solrock, Cresselia, and Darkrai all make appearances as well.