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An airbreathing jet engine (or ducted jet engine) is a jet engine that ejects a propelling (reaction) jet of hot exhaust gases after first taking in atmospheric air, followed by compression, heating and expansion back to atmospheric pressure through a nozzle. Alternatively the reaction jet may include a cold jet of ducted bypass air which has been compressed by a fan before returning to atmospheric pressure through an additional nozzle. These engines are gas turbine engines. Engines using only ram for the compression process, and no turbomachinery, are the ramjet and pulsejet.
All practical airbreathing jet engines heat the air by burning fuel. Alternatively a heat exchanger may be used (nuclear-powered jet engine). Most modern jet engines are turbofans. They replaced turbojets as they use less fuel.
