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This happens to Nijisanji because of a few reasons -
> Nijisanji business model is fundamentally flawed and incentivizes internal competition.
Nijisanji's model from waaay back when they started to how they're running things now is based upon giving people as many niches as possible, while still being within the "nijisanji" ecosystem. Similar to Cover, their initial plan was just to have the Nijisanji platform be an "app" and let prospective livers use it in order to spread it's name. They were never really geared towards being a talent agency, and even after all these years that has not really changed that much.
This method of "niche" audiences means that collabs are quite difficult to organize. Niche audiences are niche for a reason, and don't really mix well with other niche audiences for niches they don't care for. And so when collabs happen, there will inevitably be some amount of gear grinding. Sometimes it settles down after 2-3 collabs, but sometimes the niches are so incompatible that the livers can't really collab without the two fanbases burning each other.
> (NijiEN specific issue) "Family"
On top of this clusterful, NijiEN adopted the "family" model of group dynamics, where every single liver is peer pressured into joining the "group" and "having fun".
This model worked for perhaps the first two girls-only generations due to similarities in vibes (and being mostly watched by ex-Myth fans, who simply ignored livers if they didn't like them), but once Luxiem came into the picture, the audience ratio HEAVILY shifted towards them, pushing out the original audience and sparking an internal conflict that basically created the current Nijisanji culture seen today.
As more and more livers debuted, the lines between niches was blurred, and yet the cracks between the audience simply continued to widen, leading to today's toxic nijifan culture.
> Niji livers rarely tardwrangle their fanbase
The biggest controversy that NijiEN had was when Vox's yumes burned Reimu at the stake for invading what was supposed to be a "private" stream between Vox and his audience.
The response to that from Vox basically sums up why Nijisanji fans are the way that they are -
Vox initially shits on his fanbase, tells them that anyone harassing Reimu is not his fan, and draws strict lines between him and the audience, saying he's not their actual boyfriend and shit like that.
Mere DAYS later, he backpedals on all of that, cries about loving his audience just as they love him, and puts up yet another NSFW ASMR stream.
No tards were wrangled that day, and Nijisanji livers just don't seem to have an idea about how to wrangle their fanbase into doing or not doing things.
Holos have perfected this skill to an artform, they always address their fans when they do something bad, but they always allow the bad actors some amount of wiggle room to save their ego. "I know none of my fans would do something like that, but some people were apparently harassing another streamer I collabed with, and I would like that to stop.", and indirect shit like that.
And once they say that, anyone disregarding it will immediately be considered by the rest of the fanbase as an anti, because they OBVIOUSLY didn't watch their oshi's stream or they would've heard her talking about it.
Nijisanji livers on the other hand, they are always direct and straightforward with their fanbase, saying "You fuckers harassed that girl I collabed with didn't you!? Shame on you!" and there's maybe like 10% of the actual harassers there watching, while 90% of their regular fans are just confused as fuck wondering why they're suddenly being scolded.
> Nijisanji's fanbase primarily consists of women and teenagers
These are the hardest demographics to "control" because their entire personality consists of doing the opposite of what they are told. This is also the reason that Niji livers' DIRECT pleas to their audience almost never works out, because if teenagers and women are told to stop, they will simply keep doing it just to troll your ass.
Kids and Ojisans are a lot more well behaved, especially if they're in a community that doesn't tolerate toxicity.
And finally
> Fanbase reflects the talent
A lot of Niji livers just aren't good people. They will use the excuse of "banter" to straight up shit on other livers, and then call you out for "not being able to take a joke" if they ever get pushback (which they rarely will due to this reason).
Some of them also go to extremely uncomfortable places with their banter on streams, e.g. Nina shitting on Pomu's "dying channel". Many chuubas have gone menhera over numbers, and some have even graduated over not having enough, so such topics aren't really comfortable for the audience - even if the livers themselves are fine with it.
More importantly, the lack of a "line" with jokes means that the audience never perceives that there's any limits to how much they "joke around".