>>55802461I'll only outline basics with examples so you can understand them.
East 1.0
Your hand: 23m34688p112568s + 9s
https://tenhou.net/2/?q=23m34688p1125689sDiscarding 2s here means that you are fixing your head (pair) to 1s.
However you may not see it so let's look at it like this.
112s
89s
Which is the stronger block? In other words which of these two blocks would likely become a meld?
112s can become a meld easier because it accepts 1s to become a triplet or 3s to become a sequence. 89s only has 1 tile it can draw in order to become a meld, the 7s. This means your discard should be 9 or 8s, it doesn't really matter which you pick at this skill level, as long as you choose that block.East 1.1
Somewhat unlucky, because no 6p was shown, even though it was a dora.
However most would not pick this because as it's a dora almost no one would deal into you.
East 1.3
See the picture. when you have overlap like this, you want to cut the dangling terminal from the one with less tiles.
In this case 1p has more overlap with the pinzu, which can turn into a 3 sided wait easier than a 9m.