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The one time I got forced to do that, 4 years ago, I caved in and gave them a number, only to get a message that my account was banned for suspicious activity and that it could not be retrieved (I mailed them and they didn't clarify anything)
And then the phone number I used was rendered useless because it was associated with a banned account.
Ask some friends from a mutual server to check if you're banned if possible, it might already be over.
(To this day I can only guess what I did wrong with my account, only thing I can imagine is forgetting to turn off Opera's built-in proxxy, which might have led to Discord thinking I'm part of some spamming network,)