>>2720269>RuckingGet a good backpack with a proper frame (not a MOLLE) and then just walk. Most of rucking is based on a heavy squat and being able to run long distance. It's pretty easy to practice and backpacking is the perfect medium to do so.
>ClimbingStart in a rock climbing gym, most memberships come with shoe and harness rentals included. Learn to belay top rope then evolve to lead climbing and then go with people to outdoor sport climb and then you evolve to traditional climbing and multipitch. Mountaineering is a combo of this and snow climbing which is fairly easy, do a guided climb with a class on a Cascade volcano and you will have everything you need to hit 98% of all the mountains in the states. Most of mountaineering is just cardio and rucking desu. Climbing skill comes with practice and strengthing the fingers, arms, core, and toes through use. Takes a couple years but climbing gyms are pretty ubiquitous and a great place to meet /out/ friends. It's expensive to start but really cheap once you get all the gear (My trad rack + shoes + rope + harness) was maybe 1.5k total over a few years as I got better. Ice climbing is a whole different animal and you should learn traditional rock climbing before you tackle ice.
>SwimmingIf you don't know how to swim as an adult, getting swim lessons is totally reasonable since tons of people drown because they don't know and get themselves in water they can't stand up in. But really, unless you are racing, you won't be doing swimming super often /out/ because it is slow and you can't really bring gear. Scuba diving doesn't resemble swimming a ton and if you are doing water sports you should wear a life jacket.