>>10213245I assume those are from the late 90s or so? Definitely before 3D modeling was used. Many domestic companies sculpted larger usually double the size (called a 2-Up), and then they were pantographed down to the proper size during the tooling stage. I think some Japanese figures were actually sculpted at scale though. Figures that are super small and have simple details or exaggerated proportions may have been sculpted at scale.
Ex. MIMP pictured is the 2up version and the 1.5" or so final figure size.