itt: people who have clearly never used a gas cooker
Tell your PhD brother to stay in his lane.
Indoor gas cooking has been standard practice for decades. Butane and propane burn cleanly and do not produce CO under normal operating conditions. What you are actually worried about is CO2, and in this context it is a complete non-issue. From a breathing-safety standpoint, CO2 exposure during the time it takes to cook a family meal is negligible.
Of all the failure modes associated with this kind of stove
>>2855205, you are worrying about the wrong one.
Since this is for a bug-in scenario and compactness is not a constraint, the sensible choice is a setup that allows the gas tank to remain separate from the burner.
If anything, I would be far more concerned about a gas heater like
>>2855573. Devices without an open flame introduce more failure modes, that you can't see clearly, and are meant to burn for a long time.
Higher education is fine. Highly educated people who start having strong opinions outside their field of expertise, however, are among the most annoying people on this planet.